The Extracellular Matrix (ECM) is a sophisticated megastructure created by bacterial cells to construct architecturally complex biofilms. The ECM’s complex chemical makeup reflects its activities of cell protection, modification of cell-to-cell signaling, cell differentiation, and environmental sensing. Proteins, polysaccharides, and eDNA all have different functions, yet they all work together to keep the ECM’s architecture and biological relevance. Because of their potential biotechnological uses, from agriculture to the water and food sectors, the gathered information on the chemical heterogeneity and unique capabilities of ECM components has garnered interest. This study combines data on the most important bacterial ECM components, the biophysical and chemical properties that contribute to their biological activities, and their potential for biotechnological uses.
